1878 Penny from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1878
This penny dates to 14 years later than the Battle of Mine Creek, but still can help archeologists understand activity or disturbance at the site. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War. The penny, sometimes called an Indian Head cent or Indian Head penny shows Liberty with a head dress on the obverse side. The reverse side shows an oak wreath and shield surrounding the words "ONE CENT."

.54 Caliber Bullets from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
Shown are three of the many bullets recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. All of the artifacts are .54 caliber lead bullets. The one of the far left was manufactured by Sharps and has three grease rings. The other two bullets both have concave or hollow bases. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War.

Abstract of census returns
Creator: Undersigned Citizens of Kansas Territory, John Stroup (first signature),
Date: 1859
This 1859 abstract of census returns shows information at the township level for most Kansas counties. Some counties are listed without data. The census lists the number of voters in three different ways--the number of votes cast June 7, 1859; number of voters on June 7, 1859 who were under 6 month provision; and number of voters under 3 month provision. It also lists the number of inhabitants. The election on June 7, 1859, was to elect delegates to the Wyandotte constitutional convention.

A census of residents on Big Sugar Creek, Kansas Territory
Creator: Hyatt, Thaddeus
Date: 1857
This account identifies the names and origins of both free-state and pro-slavery settlers who lived on Big Sugar Creek, Kansas Territory. The account, presumably collected by Thaddeus Hyatt or some other member of the National Kansas Committee, begins with a brief description of the area, and mentions particular cases of settlers who had noteworthy experiences. Of the 25 pro-slavery residents identified, only two owned slaves.

Addison Danford
Creator: Jacoby,
Addison Danford was a free state supporter, and served as a delegate to the Leavenworth Constitutional Convention. At the time, he lived in Linn County, Kansas Territory. Danford moved to Fort Scott, Bourbon County, and served as Adjutant General of Kansas after the Civil War.

A. D. Way to Governor John St. John
Creator: Way, A. D.
Date: August 18, 1880
In this letter from Mound City, Kansas, Governor St. John is invited to be among the speakers at a grand temperance rally to be held September 5, in Linn County, Kansas.

Ammunition from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
This ammunition was recovered from the Mine Creek Battlefield site in Linn County during a survey and excavation in 1990 by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. On October 25, 1864, Union and Confederate forces met at the site and fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War. Shown here are three different types of ammunition. The larger round ball is grapeshot and was fired along with a number of similar sized balls from a cannon. The shorter round nosed one is a .70 caliber bullet with a concave or hollow base. The longer one is a Sharps .45 caliber bullet.

Andrew Chapin Doud and family
Date: Between 1880 and 1885
This is a photograph of Andrew Chapin Doud and his family. The people are identified as Edgar (Ted) Doud (seated left), Andrew Chapin Doud (seated right), Sarah Susan Church Keith Doud (standing right) and Maryette (May) Doud (standing left). Andrew Doud was born October 4, 1825 in Bershire County, Massachusetts. He moved to Linn County, Kansas in 1860 with his wife Lucina Sayre Doud and in 1862, he moved to Trading Post, Kansas, to run a general store and post office. Andrew and Lucina had four children: Maryette Doud (June 8, 1856-January 20, 1935), Charles Doud (February 24, 1857-March, 1857), Chester Sayre Doud (May 11, 1858-August 13, 1867), and Edgar Russel Doud (April 19, 1861-June 10, 1908). Lucina died on June 19, 1864 and Andrew married Sarah Susan Church Keith Doud on August 13, 1865 in Trading Post, Kansas. Andrew and Sarah had four children, Lucina Ruth Doud (August 8, 1866-January 1, 1870), Lilly Bell Doud (October 23, 1869-October 23, 1918), Gertie Sereta Doud (September 6, 1873-June 23, 1876), and Albert William Doud (b. May 1, 1875). Andrew served one term in the Kansas legislature in 1875.

Appetite
Creator: Franklin, William S. (William Suddards), 1863-1930
Date: 1894
A temperance booklet that notes "morbid appetite, once created is the tyrant which ruins the individual," and that abstinence from a habit which has no benefit, such as coffee, tobacco, liquor, etc., is the solution to society's troubles.

Artillery Canister Shot from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
These iron balls would help to fill a canister, which, when shot from a cannon, resulted in a devastating shotgun-like effect. They were recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War. The shot was cleaned by electrolysis which passes an electrical current through a liquid solution to separate the rust from the artifact.

Augustus Wattles
Augustus Wattles was an abolitionist who came to Kansas Territory from Ohio in 1855. For a time, he helped George Washington Brown publish the "Herald of Freedom" in Lawrence, Kansas Territory. In 1857, he was one of the founders of Moneka in Linn County, Kansas Territory. He was a supporter of abolitionist John Brown, and Brown stayed at his home several times after the Marais des Cygnes massacre. Wattles served in the Kansas Territory legislature in 1855.

Augustus Wattles to William Hutchinson
Creator: Wattles, Augustus, 1807-1876
Date: April 28, 1858
Wattles, writing from Fort Scott, Kansas Territory, describes the violence in the southern portion of Kansas Territory shortly before the Marais des Cygnes massacre.

Avis Chitwood's dress
Date: between 1897 and 1900
This childhood dress of Avis Chitwood is made of brown and rust-colored silk. Chitwood grew up in Mound City, Kansas, and took an early interest in art. As she aged, she took classes in watercolor and china painting, etching, and architectural design. The works she produced were displayed in exhibitions and won awards and honors. One of her etchings was displayed at the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City. Chitwood gave this dress to her niece, Janice Gartrell, who donated it to the museum.

Axe Head from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
This axe head was recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. There are many variations on axe heads styles, this one is similar to a cabin or New England axe. The butt end has been used as a hammer or an anvil. This axe was cleaned by electrolysis which passes an electrical current through a liquid solution to separate the rust from the artifact. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War.

Barbecue in Linn County, Kansas
Creator: Williams Photo. Co. K.C.
Date: 1916
This sepia colored photograph shows a group of people gathered behind a barbecue pit, as large pieces of meat are being cooked, in Linn County, Kansas.

Battle of Mine Creek centennail ceremony, Linn County, Kansas
Creator: Kansas Department of Transportation
Date: 1964
This photograph shows from left to right: Governor John Anderson; General Joe Michell, Attorney General of Kansas; Governor John Dalton of Missouri; and Professor William E. Berger of Drury College, Springfield, Missouri. The photograph of these men was taken at the centennial cermony of the Civil War battle at Mine Creek in Linn County, Kansas in October 1964.

Battle of Mine Creek centennial ceremony, Linn County, Kansas
Creator: Kansas Department of Transportation
Date: 1964
These two photographs from the centennial ceremony of the battle at Mine Creek in Linn County, Kansas depicts soldiers dressed in uniform with Governor Dalton of Missouri and Governor Anderson of Kansas.

Battle of Mine Creek centennial ceremony, Linn County, Kansas
Creator: Kansas Department of Transportation
Date: 1964
This photograph represents soldiers standing at salute at the centennial ceremony for the Battle of Mine Creek in honor of the Civil War in Linn County, Kansas in October 1964. Depicted in the photograph is Lawrence native Edgar Langsdorf (1911-2000).

Battle of Mine Creek historical marker, Linn County, Kansas
Creator: Kansas Department of Transportation
Date: 1964
This group of photographs depict the Kansas historical marker for the "Battle of Mine Creek". Located one mile south Pleasanton, Kansas on U. S. Highway 69 in Linn County, Kansas. The photograph that has crowds in the background was taken during the centennial ceremony of the battle in October 1964.

Battle of Mine Creek markers, Linn County, Kansas
Creator: Kansas State Historical Society
Date: 1971
These two photographs represent the historical marker commemorating the Battle of Mine Creek in Linn County, Kansas. One photograph depicts the marker from far providing a better representation of the entire marker while the other portrays the marker close to read the inscription on the marker.

B-M lawn mower
Creator: B-M Mower Company
Date: between 1940 and 1957
Model VD 17 B-M Power Mower. The B-M Mower Company of Blue Mound, Kansas (Linn County), produced power mowers from the mid-1940s until 1957. The company promised customers that its aluminum-body mowers would save time, work, and money "and make mowing your lawn seem like child's play instead of hard labor."

Brass Harness Rosette from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
This brass rosette, decorated with a heart, was buckled onto a horse's harness. It was collected during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War.

Brass Trigger Guard from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
This brass trigger guard surrounded the trigger and protected it from accidental discharge. It was recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War.

Bullets and Balls from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
These six different types of ammunition were recovered during a 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. Mine Creek Battlefield was the location where on October 25, 1864, Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War. All of the ammunition shown here was made of lead. On the top row from left to right are a 40-63/70 Ballard ball and a .58 caliber Berdan ball. On the bottom row (all ammunition for use in a pistol) are, from left to right, a .38 caliber ball, a .44 caliber Merwin and Hulbert bullet, a .38 caliber bullet, and a .357 caliber bullet.

Buttons from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
Shown are two different types of button that were recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War. One button is a brass 4-hole sew through, white the other is a ferrous overall button that may post date the battle.